Two Hundred Years of Surgery

The first attempts at medicine were prompted by the natural instinct for survival and desire to help fellow human beings. But how did mankind emerge from an era of superstition and...

Over 100 years ago, basic technologies such as disinfection, hemostasis, and anesthesia finally allowed surgeons to use the lancet in body cavities. But human beings still had a lo...

Exploration of the brain began in the distant past, but it remains a secret world whose mysteries are still not fully understood. Progress in neurosurgery was extremely slow until...

Cardiac surgery is the most recently developed of all surgical fields, and had not even been performed 70 years ago. Doctors generally have two preconditions for surgery: the organ...

Organ transplants prolong human life, and are considered the greatest medical wonder of the 20th century. But as the field develops, it has raised greater technical and ethical que...

Today, surgery can deal with almost any disease. But there is one that continues to frustrate it - cancer. Humans have fought this silent nemesis for over 4,000 years, but have yet...

It has been almost 200 years since modern surgery was born. With the development of science and human society, surgery is making massive strides, pushing the boundaries of the fiel...